公差環(huán)丨選型指南，技術(shù)信息及索引
什么是公差環(huán)？
What is a tolerance ring?
公差環(huán)是一種波紋狀金屬帶，用作兩個(gè)機(jī)械物體之間的接口，通過(guò)過(guò)盈配合將一個(gè)物體固定到另一個(gè)物體上。 公差環(huán)的波紋（或波）就像彈簧一樣，將兩個(gè)部件固定在一起。
它們已被成功使用多年，并提供許多技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢(shì)。
A tolerance ring is a corrugated metal strip that acts as an interface between two mechanical objects, to secure one to the other by interference fit. The corrugations (or waves) of the tolerance ring act like springs, fastening the two components together.
They have been used with great success for many years and offer many technical and economic advantages.
公差環(huán)是由什么制成的？
What are tolerance rings made from?
彈簧鋼帶或不銹鋼 (AISI 301) 帶——大部分由不銹鋼制成。
Spring Steel Strip or Stainless Steel (AISI 301) Strip - the majority from Stainless Steel.
如何選擇需要的公差環(huán)？
How do I specify the tolerance ring I need?
公差環(huán)有兩種基本類(lèi)型，最簡(jiǎn)單的區(qū)分方法是：
There are two basic types of ring & the simplest way to remember is this:
AN 型用于將軸承/物體固定到外殼中。 最大直徑是可變的，可以改變外殼直徑。
AN type is used for holding a bearing / object into a housing. The largest diameter is variable enabling the housing diameter to be varied.
BN型用于將軸承/物體固定到軸上。 最小直徑是可變的，可以改變軸的直徑。
BN type is used for holding a bearing / object onto a shaft. The smallest diameter is variable enabling the shaft diameter to be varied.
遵循此規(guī)則，可以輕松地根據(jù)用途選擇想要的公差環(huán)。 例如，使用 BN 型公差環(huán)將旋鈕裝配到軸上。
Following this rule, you can easily select the ring you want for other jobs. For example a knob is fitted onto a shaft using a BN type tolerance ring.
可以傳遞什么樣的扭矩——它們會(huì)打滑嗎？
What sort of torque can be transmitted - will they slip?
允許的扭矩很高。
如果超過(guò)規(guī)定的扭矩，公差環(huán)將打滑 - 這可以作為防止損壞的一種方法。
The allowable torques are high.
If the torque stated is exceeded the tolerance ring will slip - this can be a means of preventing damage.
如何安裝公差環(huán)？
How do I fit tolerance rings?
AN - 外殼變量 (HV)：將公差環(huán)放置在外殼孔中，環(huán)的平邊位于環(huán)的外側(cè)，然后將軸承壓入孔中（確保它保持直角）。 AN 型環(huán)是在略微張開(kāi)的狀態(tài)下制造的，這使得它們?cè)诮M裝過(guò)程中能夠抓住外殼的孔。
AN - housing variable (HV): The tolerance ring is placed in the housing bore with the flat edge on the outside of the ring and then the bearing is pressed into the bore (ensuring it remains at right angles). The AN type rings are made in a slightly open condition which allows them to grip the bore of the housing during assembly.
BN——軸變量（SV）：將公差環(huán)套在軸上，然后將軸壓入到位。 平邊位于環(huán)的內(nèi)側(cè)。
BN - shaft variable (SV): The tolerance ring is placed over the shaft and the shaft is pressed into place. The flat edge is on the inside of the ring.
公差環(huán)還有哪些其他優(yōu)點(diǎn)？
What other advantages do tolerance rings have?
- 快速組裝有助于降低成本
- 允許更大的機(jī)械加工公差
- 高扭矩能力/提供過(guò)載保護(hù)
- 補(bǔ)償不同的熱膨脹率
- 消除零件上的昂貴特征（例如鍵槽、銷(xiāo)、螺釘?shù)龋?/p>
- 吸收振動(dòng)
- 耐腐蝕
- 補(bǔ)償錯(cuò)位
- rapid assembly help to lower costs
- permit larger machining tolerances
- high torque capabilities / provide overload protection
- compensate for different rates of thermal expansion
- eliminate expensive features on parts (for example keyways, pins, screws etc)
- absorb vibrations
- resist corrosion
- compensate for misalignment
它們可以在什么溫度范圍內(nèi)運(yùn)行？
What temperature range can they operate at?
不銹鋼：在高達(dá) 250oC 的溫度下工作時(shí)，不銹鋼精密公差環(huán)的彈簧質(zhì)量不會(huì)降低。
碳鋼：碳鋼公差環(huán)的最高連續(xù)工作溫度為 120oC。
Stainless Steel: The spring qualities of the stainless steel tolerance ring does not deteriorate when operating in temperatures of up to 250oC.
Carbon Steel: The maximum continuous operating temperature for the carbon steel tolerance rings is 120oC.
公差環(huán)可以串聯(lián)使用以獲得更大的負(fù)載能力嗎？
Can tolerance rings be used in series for greater load capacity?
如果應(yīng)用需要比一個(gè)公差環(huán)提供的負(fù)載更大的負(fù)載，則可以串聯(lián)安裝兩個(gè)或多個(gè)公差環(huán)，直到它們的額定負(fù)載之和超過(guò)要承載的負(fù)載。但是，公差環(huán)必須由法蘭或立柱隔開(kāi)，以防止環(huán)之間相互滑動(dòng)。
Where an application requires greater load than that provided by one tolerance ring, it is possible to fit two or more tolerance rings in tandem until the sum of their load ratings exceeds the load to be carried. However, the tolerance rings must be separated by flanges / upstands to prevent the rings slipping over each other.
